The Framers wanted the Constitution to be an exclusive source of qualifications for electing members of Congress and they took the power away from the states to add or take away qualifications.
Petitioners argue that the constitution does not express that states cannot add qualifications and Amendment 73 is the states exercise of its reserved power to place restrictions that the voters want to make.
Amendment 73 limits people to vote for who they want to represent them by not allowing a candidate to be written in.
The people have the right to chose their representatives not the states.
Due to the interconnected nature of interstate commerce, an interruption at any stage causes problems down the line.
The Tenth Amendment does not give states the power to add qualifications because it is not within the "original powers" of the states.
Jones & Laughlin purchase raw materials for manufacturing from other states and ship goods across state lines.
Jones and Laughlin Steel are subject to interstate laws regardless of where manufacturing takes place.
The employer cannot interfere with employee rights to organize.
It does not interfere with a company's ability to hire and fire its employees.
They said that the section was applicable because term limits would regulate the ballot not the qualifications for office
An organization that supported the amendment responded by bringing to attention Section 4 of Article 1. They said that the section was applicable because term limits would regulate the ballot not the qualifications for office
If the states adopted these term limits that it would impact a fundamental change to the constitution because that is not what the Framers would have wanted. They want the election process in the Constitution to be uniform throughout the nation not differing from state to state.
They source materials from other states and ship manufactured goods across state lines. This makes them interstate in nature.
In a related case Powell v McCormick, the census was that the federal Constitution establishes the qualifications for federal officeholders and the states do not have permission to alter those
Jones & Laughlin manufacture in only one state, Pennsylvania.
Issues such as labor disputes, even if only occurring in one state, have the potential to obstruct interstate commerce.
Congress has the power to protect the basic rights of employees.
The National Labor Relations Act regulates interstate commerce and specific aspects of labor.
